home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- $Unique_ID{BRK03981}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Meckel Syndrome}
- $Subject{Meckel Syndrome Meckel-Gruber Syndrome Gruber Syndrome Dysencephalia
- Splanchnocystica Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLO Syndrome; RSH Syndrome)
- Joubert Syndrome Potter's Syndrome Ullrich-Feichtiger Syndrome }
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 661:
- Meckel Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Meckel Syndrome) is
- not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to find the
- alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Meckel-Gruber Syndrome
- Gruber Syndrome
- Dysencephalia Splanchnocystica
-
- Information on the following diseases can be found in the Related
- Disorders section of this report:
-
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLO Syndrome; RSH Syndrome)
- Joubert Syndrome
- Potter's Syndrome
- Ullrich-Feichtiger Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section of this report.
-
- Meckel Syndrome is a rare inherited disorder. Major symptoms may
- include, congenital deformities of the brain resulting in mental retardation.
- Malformations of the hands and feet, and bone deformities of the arms and
- legs may also occur. In males genitals may fail to develop properly.
- Kidney, pancreas and liver may also be abnormal.
-
- Symptoms
-
- The symptoms which identify Meckel Syndrome consist of brain abnormalities
- and failure of the brain to fully develop. Additionally, cystic growths in
- the kidneys and fibrous growths in the ducts of the liver and pancreas may
- occur. More than five fingers on the hands may be present as well as more
- than five toes on the feet and shortening or bowing of the long bones of the
- arms and legs. In males the testicles may contain abnormal cysts and they
- may fail to descend or grow properly.
-
- Causes
-
- Meckel Syndrome is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. (Human traits,
- including the classic genetic diseases, are the product of the interaction of
- two genes, one received from the father and one from the mother. In
- recessive disorders, the condition does not appear unless a person inherits
- the same defective gene for the same trait from each parent. If one receives
- one normal gene and one gene for the disease, the person will be a carrier
- for the disease, but usually will show no symptoms. The risk of transmitting
- the disease to the children of a couple, both of whom are carriers for a
- recessive disorder, is twenty-five percent. Fifty percent of their children
- will be carriers, but healthy as described above. Twenty-five percent of
- their children will receive both normal genes, one from each parent, and will
- be genetically normal). Meckel Syndrome can be identified in pregnant women
- during the fifth month of pregnancy either through ultrasound testing or by
- checking cells taken from the fluid surrounding the fetus (amniocentesis).
-
- Affected Population
-
- Meckel Syndrome affects males and females in equal numbers. The incidence of
- this syndrome worldwide varies from 1 in 140,000 to 1 in 9,000 births.
- Higher than usual concentrations of people with Meckel Syndrome occurs in
- India and Finland.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Symptoms of the following disorders can be similar to those of Meckel
- Syndrome. Comparisons may be useful for a differential diagnosis:
-
- Smith-Lemli-Opitz Syndrome (SLO Syndrome; RSH Syndrome), is a rare
- hereditary neurological disorder characterized by a smaller than normal size
- head, mental retardation, low pressure in the fluid of the eyes, incomplete
- development of the male genitalia, short nose with displaced nostrils and a
- smaller than normal size opening of the stomach (pyloric stenosis). (For
- more information on this disorder, choose "Smith-Lemli-Opitz" as your search
- term in the Rare Disease Database).
-
- Joubert Syndrome is a very rare hereditary neurological disorder marked
- by malformations of the area of the brain which controls balance and
- coordination, neuromuscular and eye movement disturbances. Additionally,
- psychomotor retardation, and/or respiratory abnormalities may develop. Some
- of the symptoms may decrease with age. (For more information on this
- disorder, choose "Joubert Syndrome" as your search term in the Rare Disease
- Database).
-
- Potter's Syndrome is a rare hereditary disorder marked by congenital
- cysts of the Kidneys and liver. The patients also suffer from cerebral
- hemorrhage, aortic aneurysm and high blood pressure.
-
- Ullrich-Feichtiger Syndrome exhibits the same symptoms as Meckel Syndrome
- with the addition of some facial deformities including small jaws and cleft
- palate. It also is marked by extra fingers.
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Treatment of Meckel Syndrome is symptomatic and supportive. Genetic
- counseling is recommended for families affected by this disorder.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through April
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Meckel Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5133
-
- For Genetic Information and genetic counseling referrals:
-
- March of Dimes Birth Defects Foundation
- 1275 Mamaroneck Avenue
- White Plains, NY 10605
- (914) 428-7100
-
- Alliance of Genetic Support Groups
- 35 Wisconsin Circle, Suite 440
- Chevy Chase, MD 20815
- (800) 336-GENE
- (301) 652-5553
-
- References
-
- MENDELIAN INHERITANCE IN MAN, 8th ed.: Victor A. McKusick; Johns Hopkins
- University Press, 1986. Pp.606-607, 1096, 1250.
-
- ARE BOWING OF LONG TUBULAR BONES AND PREAXIAL POLYDACTYOL SIGNS OF THE
- MECKEL SYNDROME? F. Majewski, et al.; Hum Genet (1983, issue 65 (2)). Pp.
- 125-133.
-
- THE MECKEL SYNDROME: CLINICOPATHOLOGICAL FINDINGS IN 67 PATIENTS; R.
- Salonen, et al.; Am J Med Genet (August, 1984, issue 18 (4)). Pp. 671-689.
-
- A NEW SYNDROME WITH FEATURES OF THE SMITH-LEMLI-OPITZ AND MECKEL GRUBER
- SYNDROMES IN A SIBSHIP WITH CEREBELLAR DEFECTS: A.C. Casamassima, et al.; Am
- J Med Genet (February, 1987, issue 26 (2)). Pp. 321-336.
-
- STUDIES ON THE ELEVATED AMNIOTIC FLUID SP 1 IN MECKELS'S SYNDROME;
- MODIFIED GLYCOSYLATION OF SP1; M. Heikinheimo, et al.; Placenta (July-August,
- 1987, issue 8 (4)). Pp. 427-432.
-
-